基于Abaqus的双裂纹不同间距对裂纹扩展速率的研究

扩展有限元法是近年经过大量运用的,在传统有限元的范围中求解不连续问题一种有效计算方法,它是基于单位分解的思想,在计算不连续问题时加入跳跃函数。以ABAQUS为平台,基于扩展有限元方法 (XFEM),以含双穿透型裂纹的有限宽板受横向拉伸载荷为力学模型,建立相应的裂纹尖端应力的有限元模型,研究焊接接头区域不同间距双裂纹相互作用对裂纹扩展速率的影响。结果表明:双裂纹间距的的大小并没有对裂纹的扩展速率产生影响。     

Effects of temperature on creepage discharge characteristics in oil-impregnated pressboard insulation under combined AC–DC voltage

Due to the complexity of the valve side winding voltage of the converter transformer, the insulation characteristics of the oil-impregnated pressboard (OIP) of the converter transformer are different from those of the traditional AC transformer. The study on effect of temperature on the creeping discharge characteristics of OIP under combined AC–DC voltage is seriously inadequate. Therefore, this paper investigates the characteristics of OIP creepage discharge under combined AC–DC voltage and discusses the influence of temperature on creepage discharge characteristics under different temperatures from 70°C to 110 °C. The experimental results show that the partial discharge inception voltage and flashover voltage decrease with increasing temperature. The times of low amplitude discharge (LAD) decrease and amplitude of LAD increases. Simultaneously, the times of high amplitude discharge (HAD) gradually increase at each stage of creepage discharge with higher temperature. The analysis indicates that the charge carriers easily accumulate and quickly migrate directional movement along the electric field ahead of discharging. The residual charge carriers are more easily dissipated after discharging. The ‘hump’ region of LAD moves to the direction of higher discharge magnitude. The interval time between two continuous discharges is shortened obviously. The concentration of HAD accelerates the development of OIP insulation creepage discharge. The temperature had an accelerating effect on the development of discharge in the OIP under applying voltage.     

负径向电场对带电粒子俘获率影响的数值模拟

本文采用数值方法求解Grad-Shafranov方程反演EAST典型长脉冲放电实验(炮号33068)的平衡位形和磁场分布，进而结合粒子在托卡马克电磁场中的运动方程，模拟氘离子在负径向电场存在时的运动轨迹，并统计不同负径向电场下的氘离子俘获率。结果表明：随负径向电场的增大，氘离子轨迹由扩张通行轨迹向外翻香蕉轨迹再向内翻香蕉轨迹，最后向压缩通行轨迹演变；氘离子俘获率随负径向电场的增大而减小，氘离子初始速度越小，其变化越大。     

瞬态闭锁试验在0.13 μm大规模集成电路中引起的潜在损伤

瞬态剂量率辐射试验会引起集成电路发生损伤或失效，其原因至少有两种：闭锁大电流引起的电路内部金属互连熔融；累积电离总剂量引起的氧化层电荷造成阈值电压偏移。本文以一种0.13 μm体硅CMOS处理器为对象，研究了瞬态剂量率和稳态电离总剂量辐射效应规律。结果表明：瞬态剂量率闭锁效应对处理器造成了显著的潜在损伤，导致其总剂量失效阈值从1 030 Gy(Si)降低至600 Gy(Si)。研究结论对于大规模集成电路的可靠性评估和指导辐射加固设计有重要参考意义。     

硫酸体系中锰钽铌矿加压浸出研究

针对单一硫酸体系锰钽铌矿加压浸出下钽铌浸出率均不到10%的问题,在硫酸体系引入助浸剂,考察氟化铵、双氧水、反应压强、硫酸浓度、反应温度、氟化铵矿比对锰钽铌矿加压浸出的影响,采用XRD对浸渣进行物相表征。实验结果表明,在锰钽铌矿加压浸出中,引入助浸剂氟化铵,温度200℃、硫酸浓度50%及氟化铵/矿比为0.8∶1的条件下钽浸出率超过93%,铌浸出率超过96%。引入氟化铵对硫酸体系下锰钽铌矿的加压浸出效果的提升十分显著。     

FeNi@SiO2磁性纳米复合粒子的制备及磁热性能

大量制备磁热性能优异的磁性纳米粒子对磁热疗和组织复温的生物学应用具有理论价值.本研究通过高温电弧法制备FeNi磁性纳米颗粒,通过超声-沉降分级筛分得到平均粒径为80 nm的FeNi纳米颗粒,通过溶胶-凝胶法得到平均粒径为100 nm,SiO2壳层厚度为15～20 nm的FeNi@SiO2纳米复合粒子.超导量子干涉仪测定FeNi@SiO2纳米复合粒子饱和磁化强度Ms为80 emu/g.模拟磁热疗条件下,FeNi@SiO2磁性纳米粒升温速率为3.6℃/min,满足磁热疗应用要求.模拟组织复温条件下,FeNi@SiO2磁性纳米粒升温速率为61.8℃/min.磁性复合纳米粒子在不同溶剂、不同温区条件都显示了良好的热性能,可作为温度激活剂应用于磁热疗及冷冻组织的复温.本研究对磁性纳米材料的生物学应用研究具有一定的参考价值.     

An improved two-colour pyrometer based method for measuring dynamic temperature mapping of hydrogen-air combustion

To solve the problem of measuring the combustion temperature of hydrogen gas, an improved two-colour pyrometer with suspended tungsten powder was developed and calibrated by a tungsten halogen lamp. The characteristic temperature parameters of the premixed 30% H₂/70% air flame, including temperature distribution, proportion, maximum value, minimum value, and average value, could be measured and calculated using the improved two-colour pyrometer method and a python code. The temperature measuring results of H₂-air mixture obtained by this technique were compared with that of thermocouples and previous studies. The results verified its feasibility to measure the flame temperature structure of H₂ combustion. Future work concerning the influential factors of the improved two-colour pyrometer was also mentioned.     

板栗壳黄酮结构分析及其对胰脂肪酶活力的抑制作用

在分析板栗壳黄酮结构的基础上，研究其对胰脂肪酶的抑制作用及类型。采用醇提法提取板栗壳中的黄酮，并用AB-8大孔吸附树脂进行纯化，冻干后得到的黄酮含量为（107.50±1.00）mg/g，提取得率为（5.66±0.05）%。利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱质谱联用技术对板栗壳黄酮进行结构分析，鉴定出8 种黄酮类化合物。采用对硝基苯酚法测定胰脂肪酶活力，分别考察板栗壳黄酮对胰脂肪酶的抑制效果及不同反应条件下板栗壳黄酮对胰脂肪酶活性的影响，结果表明，板栗壳黄酮对胰脂肪酶有较好的抑制作用，半抑制浓度（half maximal inhibitory concentration，IC50）为0.074 mg/mL，且使胰脂肪酶最适pH值向碱性偏移。通过Lineweaver-Burk双倒数作图法确定其抑制类型为非竞争性抑制，抑制常数Ki＝53.19 mg/mL。由此可见，板栗壳黄酮是一种效果良好的胰脂肪酶抑制剂。     

Ontology-based approach for the provision of simulation knowledge acquired by Data and Text Mining processes

Numerical simulation techniques such as Finite Element Analyses are essential in today's engineering design practices. However, comprehensive knowledge is required for the setup of reliable simulations to verify strength and further product properties. Due to limited capacities, design-accompanying simulations are performed too rarely by experienced simulation engineers. Therefore, product models are not sufficiently verified or the simulations lead to wrong design decisions, if they are applied by less experienced users. This results in belated redesigns of already detailed product models and to highly cost- and time-intensive iterations in product development.Thus, in order to support less experienced simulation users in setting up reliable Finite Element Analyses, a novel ontology-based approach is presented. The knowledge management tools developed on the basis of this approach allow an automated acquisition and target-oriented provision of necessary simulation knowledge. This knowledge is acquired from existing simulation models and text-based documentations from previous product developments by Text and Data Mining. By offering support to less experienced simulation users, the presented approach may finally lead to a more efficient and extensive application of reliable FEA in product development.     

基于Kӧtter方程的盾构掘进面上被切削土体受力研究

为了计算不同土体性质与不同掘进参数下盾构刮刀与土体之间的作用力以及由此带来的切削扭矩,引入了修正后的Kӧtter方程作为补充方程,求解出开挖面上土体在被动切削至破坏时滑动面上的应力分布,建立了被切削土体受力模型,求解出刮刀刃面与土体之间的正压力p、摩擦力Q与侧向土体间抗剪阻力U,进而推导出刀盘切削扭矩T的计算公式。分析得到特定刀盘上刮刀的p,Q,U值随土体c,φ值增大而增大,通过适当提高刮刀刃面粗糙度来增大摩擦可使土体更易被切至破坏;p,Q,U值随刀盘转速ω增大而减小,p,Q随支护荷载p线性增大且p对于被切削土体受力的影响在砂性土中较大,最终给出特定刀盘掘进至部分种类土体中的切削扭矩值作为工程参考。